Created in 1953 by testamentary disposal of Calouste Gulbenkian, the foundation was tribute of the Armenian collector to the country where he took shelter during the world war and where he lived till his death. This large architectonical complex includes the administration block, the library and the museum, the great auditorium and an amphitheatre (in the Park). On sunny days, the marvellous Foundation Gardens attract many visitors.

In this space is an exhibition of musical instruments from the XVIII century until today. It is a vast collection, with about 1000 instruments and 130 pieces representing the organ scene. The collection is composed mainly by erudite and popular European instruments, but includes also African and Asiatic exemplars.